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There was no significant association between dose or duration of amoxicillin and severity of cough symptoms (eFigure 10 and eFigure 12 in Supplement 2).

Quiz Ref ID Fourth, these findings should not be considered generalizable to children with very severe disease, including those with underlying comorbidities who may benefit from higher dose or longer treatment. Dr Sturgeon reported grants from NIHR HTA (HTA project ID, 13/88/11) during the conduct of the study.To provide support that a null result was not due to the inclusion of children with mild infection less likely to benefit from antibiotics, another prespecified analysis was limited to children with at least 2 abnormal physiological parameters at enrollment, considered the severe group (eMethods 7 in Supplement 2). The data and safety monitoring committee provided oversight of the study and reviewed unblinded data 3 times during the trial. The results were consistent with noninferiority in all post hoc ontreatment analyses, including only children taking more than 80% of the trial drug. Bristol Children's Vaccine Centre, Schools of Population Sciences and Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.

The recently completed Canadian SAFER trial comparing 5-day with 10-day high-dose oral amoxicillin treatment for childhood CAP on discharge from the ED found comparable clinical cure rates in both groups (89% in the 5-day group and 84% in 10-day group) at 2 to 3 weeks. Quiz Ref ID Bacteria have been causally implicated in approximately one-third of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) cases among children younger than 5 years admitted to the hospital, with codetection of viruses and bacteria being common in symptomatic and asymptomatic young children. The main reasons for early discontinuation were clinical deterioration (n = 23), gagging or spitting out (n = 7), adverse events (n = 6), and clinical improvement (n = 3). CAP-IT is the largest hospital-based trial of oral antibiotic dose and duration for childhood community acquired pneumonia (CAP) to date.Lower dose indicates 35 to 50 mg/kg/d; higher dose, 70 to 90 mg/kg/d; shorter duration, 3-day course; longer duration, 7-day course.