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Census: Population Estimates for the United Kingdom, 27 March 2011, Ons.gov.uk, Accessed 21 December 2012
Coleman, D. A.; Dubuc, S. (1 March 2010). "The fertility of ethnic minorities in the UK, 1960s–2006". Population Studies. 64 (1): 19–41. doi: 10.1080/00324720903391201. ISSN 0032-4728. PMID 20087815. S2CID 11039594. The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy. Legislative power is exercised by Parliament, composed of two chambers, the House of Lords and House of Commons. There is no official language but English dominates with 95%. The British are mostly Protestant. Anglicanism was established in England in 1534, when it was interrupted by relations with the Roman Catholic Church and the Church of England was organized as an official religion.Conceptions in England and Wales – Office for National Statistics". www.ons.gov.uk . Retrieved 9 June 2022. a b c d e f Galor, Oded (1 January 2012). "The demographic transition: causes and consequences". Cliometrica. 6 (1): 1–28. doi: 10.1007/s11698-011-0062-7. ISSN 1863-2513. PMC 4116081. PMID 25089157. Current time differences between the UK and other major cities around the world can be found in the table below. City, Country
Improvements in public diets and nutritional quality increases, which are linked to biological factors such as a decline in lactation, have also been included as a potential factor in the decline of the fertility rate. [40] Technological developments within the society also began to have an effect; contraceptive use become somewhat usable on a mass scale in the latter half of the 19th century due to technological developments in the production of rubber. [40] Abortion, while illegal during the 19th century, was also used by women, however to what extent at the time is unknown. [40]Table DC2206NI – National Identity (Classification 1) by Ethnic Group". Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency.
a b Quetteville, Harry de (24 June 2021). "EU immigration to the UK underestimated by 1.6 million". The Telegraph. ISSN 0307-1235 . Retrieved 7 February 2023. By 1950, life expectancy at birth had risen to 68.6 years. [52] During the latter half of the century, further factors influenced the increase of life expectancy: diseases and the improvement of healthcare in the 1950s, decline in smoking in the mid-1970s and improvements in treating heart disease in the 1990s contributed to its decline. [53]The reduction of the total fertility rate of the United Kingdom has also had an effect on the mean age in which a mother gives birth to her first child. [46]