National Geographic Maps: Greece and Cyprus Wall Map - Compact - 54 x 41 cm

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Initially, with the occupation of the island by the British Empire from the Ottoman Empire in 1878 and subsequent annexation in 1914, the "Cyprus dispute" referred to general conflicts between Greek and Turkish islanders. [1] [2] This region sits on the south side of the island and has a population of about 1,132,000 people. One of the smaller regions, the United Kingdom Sovereign Base area, goes through part of it. Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus While Greek and Turkish may be the dominant languages among the local population, English is also a universal language due to international terrorism.

The Turkish and Greek Cypriot leaders and the British, Greek and Turkish foreign ministers will soon attend informal UN-sponsored 5+1 talks, scheduled to take place in Geneva from April 27 to 29. The previous 2017 bilateral talks in Switzerland had ended in stalemate. During the negotiations, the Turkish side will be asked to put aside its two-state solution and accept what is de facto reality – namely that the Republic of Cyprus is the only recognized actor on the international scene. Meanwhile, the Greek side will be called upon to support an internationally recognized federation with two distinct EEZs to reunite the island. Because the two outcomes are mutually exclusive, a compromise is unlikely. In June 2018, in an attempt to jump-start the talks, UN Secretary-General António Guterres appointed Jane Holl Lute as his new adviser for Cyprus. Her mission was to consult the two Cypriot leaders, Nicos Anastasiades and Mustafa Akıncı, and the three guarantor parties (Greece, Turkey, and the United Kingdom) to determine if favourable conditions existed to resume UN-hosted negotiations and, if so, to prepare comprehensive "terms of reference". Lute conducted a first round of consultations in September 2018, a second in October 2018, a third in January 2019, and a fourth and final round on 7 April 2019, and found that both sides were seemingly farther apart. [94] The powers of the federal government, and like matters that are clearly incidental to its specified powers, will be assigned by the constitution. The Federal constitution will also provide for the residual powers to be exercised by the constituent states. The constituent states will exercise fully and irrevocably all their powers, free from encroachment by the federal government. The federal laws will not encroach upon constituent state laws, within the constituent states' area of competences, and the constituent states' laws will not encroach upon the federal laws within the federal government's competences. Any dispute in respect thereof will be adjudicated finally by the Federal Supreme Court. Neither side may claim authority or jurisdiction over the other. After an occupation by the Knights Templar and the rule of Isaac Komnenos, the island in 1192 came under the rule of the Lusignan family, who established the Kingdom of Cyprus. In February 1489 it was seized by the Republic of Venice. [ citation needed] Between September 1570 and August 1571 it was conquered by the Ottoman Empire, [ citation needed] starting three centuries of Turkish rule over Cyprus.

Government

A unique terrestrial ecoregion in the country is constituted by the Cyprus Mediterranean Forests, where there are 128 endemic species. Some of these, such as the Cyprus cedar and the golden oak, are only found in the Troodos Mountains. History of Cyprus Cyprus has gone through numerous wars and foreign occupations, and one of the legacies of this history is the divide between the Greek and Turkish parts of the island. Turkish Cypriots unilaterally declared the independence of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, which only Ankara recognizes. It is the Greek-led Republic of Cyprus that belongs to the United Nations and the European Union. Who controls Cyprus? Cyprus is divided into six districts: Nicosia, Larnaca, Limassol and Paphos in the Republic of Cyprus, and Famagusta and Kyrenia in the Northern Cyprus-controlled areas.

The first confirmed settlements on the island of Cyprus can be dated to around 8,200 BCE. Some of the oldest water wells in the world are thought to be between 9,000 and 10,500 years old and are located near Paphos, Cyprus. Agios Nikolaos, Agios Theodoros, Akaki, Alaminos, Alona, Astromeritis , Episkopi, Evrychou, Gialia, Kakopetria, Kalavasos, Kato Lefkara, Kato Polemidia, Kato Pyrgos, Kiti, Klirou, Kofinou, Kokkinotrimithia, Koloni, Kotsiatis, Kouklia, Larnaca, Limassol, Lymbia, Mallia, Mandria, Margi, Mari, Moni, Nicosia, Palaichori, Paphos, Pedoulas, Pegeia, Polis, Peristerona, Platres, Pomos, Stavrokonnou, Troodos, and Zygi. The country has Mediterranean weather that includes hot, dry summers and rainy winters. You will see evergreen vegetation such as citrus trees and olive branches. Deer and wild boar used to roam around during ancient times. Today you will see a large subspecies of wild sheep known as the agrino. The TRNC was declared an independent republic on November 15, 1983, after Cypriot Greeks voted against the Annan Plan for Cyprus, which would have created a united island.

Greek Cypriot relations

The struggle for enosis was put on hold during World War II. In 1946, the British government announced plans to invite Cypriots to form a Consultative Assembly to discuss a new constitution. The British also allowed the return of the 1931 exiles. [19] Instead of reacting positively, as expected by the British, the Greek Cypriot military hierarchy reacted angrily because there had been no mention of enosis. [ citation needed] The Cypriot Orthodox Church had expressed its disapproval, and Greek Cypriots declined the British invitation, stating that enosis was their sole political aim. The efforts by Greeks to bring about enosis now intensified, helped by active support of the Church of Cyprus, which was the main political voice of the Greek Cypriots at the time. However, it was not the only organisation claiming to speak for the Greek Cypriots. The Church's main opposition came from the Cypriot Communist Party (officially the Progressive Party of the Working People; Ανορθωτικό Κόμμα Εργαζόμενου Λαού; or AKEL), which also wholeheartedly supported the Greek national goal of enosis. However the British military forces and colonial administration in Cyprus did not see the pro-Soviet communist party as a viable partner. [ citation needed] This section needs to be updated. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. ( October 2016)

The Troodos mountain range dominates the center of Cyprus' landscape. Along the northern shore of the island are the Kyrenia Mountains. To the south of the Kyrenia range lies the Mesaoria, a broad plain that extends from the Morphou Bay in the northwest to the Bay of Famagusta in the east. There are some smaller plains on the coast in the south, where the Paphos International Airport and the cities of Larnaca and Limassol are located. Secluded beaches and a turtle sanctuary round out some of the attractions making this park a popular ecotourism location. There are many endemic species of plants and animals such as the Cyprus tulip. Larnaca Hala Sultan Tekke near Larnaca, Cyprus

Although Cyprus once had a railway system, the Cyprus Railway System is no longer used. There are plans to rebuild it, however.