ClapFan Rave Fan, Large Bamboo Loud Clack Folding Hand Fan for EDM, Music Festival, Club, Event, Party, Dance, Performance, Iconic, for Men/Women, 13 inch (Black)

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Marijuana in the Rave Culture of the 90's". 6 February 2018. Archived from the original on 15 March 2019 . Retrieved 8 June 2018. Then & Now: 23 Hop". Then and Now: Toronto Nightlife History. 17 September 2014 . Retrieved 12 February 2021. Arlidge, John (2 May 1995). "The day the music died, Hanger 13, Scotland's top rave venue, has been closed after three Ecstasy-related deaths". independent.co.uk/. The Independent Newspaper UK . Retrieved 5 October 2015. Breakbeat hardcore a.k.a. "Oldskool Rave" – Acen, Altern-8, Keoki, The Brainstorm Crew, [106] Bobs and Sounds, The Chemical Brothers, Little Big, The Prodigy, Shades of Rhythm, Shut Up and Dance, Crystal Method, uberzone. Timeline and numbers Reynolds, Simon (1998). Generation Ecstasy: into the world of Techno and Rave culture. Picador. ISBN 978-0-330-35056-3.

a b Weir, Erica (June 2000). "Raves: a review of the culture, the drugs and the prevention of harm" (PDF). CMAJ. Canadian Medical Association. 162 (13): 1843–1848. eISSN 1488-2329. ISSN 0820-3946. LCCN 87039047. PMC 1231377. PMID 10906922. S2CID 10853457. Archived (PDF) from the original on 28 June 2019 . Retrieved 17 August 2021. Lin II, Rong-Gong; Ardalani, Sarah (30 June 2010). "Girl, 15, dies after weekend rave at L.A. Coliseum ". Los Angeles Times . Retrieved 3 September 2019. Bouteba, Miriam (13 November 2017). "A guide to 25 years of European rave fashion". Red Bull . Retrieved 5 February 2020. The American electronic dance music scene is one of the earliest, and rave culture has its roots in the " circuit parties" and disco clubs of the late 1970s. These were scattered in cities large and small throughout the United States, from Buffalo to Cleveland to Aspen, Colorado. Cities like Chicago, Detroit, Miami, and New York City soon saw the rise of electronic music genres foundational to rave culture, such as house music, techno, and breakbeat. American ravers, like their UK & European counterparts, have been compared to the hippies of the 1960s due to their shared interest in non-violence and psychedelia. [95] Rave culture incorporated disco culture's same love of dance music spun by DJs, drug exploration, sexual promiscuity, and hedonism. Although disco culture had thrived in the mainstream, the rave culture would make an effort to stay underground to avoid the animosity that was still surrounding disco and dance music. The key motive for remaining underground in many parts of the US had to do with curfew and the standard 2:00 am closing of clubs. It was a desire to keep the party going past legal hours that created the underground direction. Because of the legality, they had to be secretive about time and place.a b Degenhardt, Louisa; Copeland, Jan; Dillon, Paul (2005). "Recent trends in the use of "club drugs": an Australian review". Substance Use & Misuse. Taylor & Francis. 40 (9–10): 1241–1256. doi: 10.1081/JA-200066777. eISSN 1532-2491. ISSN 1082-6084. LCCN 2006268261. PMID 16048815. S2CID 25509945. Chester, Jerry (2 May 2017). "The rave that changed the law". BBC News . Retrieved 27 November 2017. a b Helen Evans. "OUT OF SIGHT, OUT OF MIND: An Analysis of Rave culture" . Retrieved 25 October 2007. The term rave first came into use in late 50s Britain as a name for the wild bohemian parties of the time. Palamar JJ, Acosta P, Le A, Cleland CM, Nelson LS (November 2019). "Adverse drug-related effects among electronic dance music party attendees". International Journal of Drug Policy. Elsevier. 73: 81–87. doi: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2019.07.005. ISSN 1873-4758. PMC 6899195. PMID 31349134. S2CID 198932918. Love film? Join BBC Culture Film Club on Facebook, a community for film fanatics all over the world.

Ott, Brian L. and Herman, Bill D. Excerpt from Mixed Messages: Resistance and Reappropriation in Rave Culture. 2003.

UN drugs chief calls for introduction of drug testing to help curb substance abuse". unodc.org. Istanbul: United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. 10 May 2007. Archived from the original on 17 December 2007 . Retrieved 17 August 2021.